Considering Jenny’s case, I would recommend applied behavioral analysis (ABA) for treatment. In the early intervention program transcript, Steven Little articulates that ABA teaches proper behavior and skills through reinforcement (Early Intervention Program Transcript). It is the best interventions for treating ASD in children, a child’s later development, and early intervention. Being three-year-old suffering from ASD, Jenny has speech problems, engages in self-stimulatory behaviors, and has socialization and sensory issues. According to behavior analytical theory, early intervention techniques lead to practical applications in the treatment of mental health especially when they focus on helping children reduce problem behaviors and learn new behaviors (Fisher, Piazza & Roane, 2021). One of the major areas of this theory is ABA since individuals working in these areas are interested in children’s behavior and their connection to the environment. In the case of Jenny, an ABA therapist will focus on utilizing behavioral techniques and on observable behaviors to bring about behavioral change.
As Makrygianni et al. (2018) articulate ABA intervention involves a significant amount of time every week, for about 20 to 40 hours depending on the child’s schedule. I would apply ABA since it will help Jenny learn socialization and sensory skills, including other positive behaviors. Different techniques of ABA can be applied to Jenny to help with her Autism. Some of these strategies include early intensive behavioral intervention, discrete trial and pivotal response trainings. The training through discrete trial involves breaking down lessons into simple tasks with each task being provided positive reinforcement for correction of behavior (Fisher, Piazza & Roane, 2021). With the pivotal response training, a therapist can help Jenny understand how to start a conversation with other children, monitor her behavior, and increase her learning motivation. The early intensive behavioral intervention will help Jenny establish positive behavior and reduce their self-stimulatory behaviors and sensory issues.
When using ABA, a therapist should invest a substantial amount of time to ensure there is a behavioral improvement when working with Jenny. The therapist will begin by assessing Jenny to examine her previous treatments and medical history (Makrygianni et al., 2018). Her parents are also likely to be interviewed for the establishment of effective goals. Jenny will be observed during the initial session and the therapist will continue evaluating her progress regularly for her to achieve the goals set. According to the transcript, the program should incorporate as much prompting as necessary to ensure success with gradual prompts and fading (Early Intervention Program Transcript). Prompting Jenny to engage in specific activities and to get her started will be a part of ABA. Any activity needs to be implemented by a BCBA who is properly trained. There is also a need for ongoing supervision from the BCBA for all individuals who will be working with Jenny. This also means consultations and interactions with Jenny’s parents. Nonetheless, the interdisciplinary team should engage in open regular meetings to share data, discuss progress and check the problems.
According to the behavior-analytic theory, behavior is a result of its situations, especially the happenings that may follow the action immediately. Behavior analysis has employed this to come up with many treatment approaches and techniques for changing and analyzing behavior and eventually improving the lives of children with ASD (Fisher, Piazza & Roane, 2021). Since ABA is majorly centered on behavior and its implications, the most effective methods for Jenny will include teaching her the most effective behaviors and how to work in changing her interaction and socialization with others. ABA will be mainly grounded on Jenny’s abilities and needs. Since Jenny is capable of perfectly sorting shapes, she will not be asked to arrange the shapes for rewards. However, the therapist will focus on more challenging behavioral and social tasks.
References
Fisher, W. W., Piazza, C. C., & Roane, H. S. (Eds.). (2021). Handbook of applied behavior analysis (Second Edition). New York: Guilford Publications.
Makrygianni, M. K., Gena, A., Katoudi, S., & Galanis, P. (2018). The effectiveness of applied behavior analytic interventions for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A meta-analytic study. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 51, 18-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.03.006
Walden University. “Early Intervention Program Transcript.”
Walden University. “Methods of Early Intervention in ASD Case Study Program Transcript.” https://mym.cdn.laureate-media.com/2dett4d/Walden/PSYC/6738/mm/08/index.html#/lessons/vAiyDhClnNrtcn1Cho3oFUJrHiZeFBjr
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